Gambling involves wagering something of value on an event that is random, where the chances of winning are determined by chance. It can be as simple as putting a penny in the slot machine, or as complex as making bets on sports events and collecting collectible game pieces like Pogs and Magic: The Gathering. Most people who gamble do so without any problems, but some develop gambling disorder — defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) as a persistent, recurrent pattern of gambling that causes distress or impairment.
Various psychological factors can contribute to gambling disorders. Some people are genetically predisposed to developing these disorders, while others experience mood problems that can trigger or worsen them. For example, depression, anxiety, and substance abuse can all lead to problem gambling. Others may have a history of childhood trauma or neglect, and their resulting fearfulness and inability to cope can drive them to seek thrills through gambling.
It’s important to understand the risks of gambling and know how to spot a problem. If you’re concerned about a loved one, try setting boundaries in managing money; consider taking control of family finances; review bank and credit card statements. It’s also helpful to reach out for support, as many families struggle with the same issues. Also remember that gamblers who have a high suicide risk should be treated with special care. This is why it’s critical to have a safety plan in place.